Rogue waves in multi-pair plasma medium

Abstract

The nonlinear propagation of ion-acoustic (IA) waves (IAWs), which are governed by the nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation (NLSE), in multi-pair plasmas (MPPs) containing adiabatic positive and negative ion fluids as well as non-extensive ($q$-distributed) electrons and positrons, is theoretically investigated. It is observed that the MPP under consideration supports two types of modes (namely, fast and slow IA modes), and the modulationally stable and unstable parametric regimes for the fast and slow IA modes are determined by the sign of the ratio of the dispersive coefficient to the nonlinear one. It is also found that the modulationally unstable regime generates highly energetic IA rogue waves (IARWs), and the amplitude as well as the width of the IARWs decrease with increase in the value of $q$ (for both $q>0$ and $q<0$ limits). These new striking features of the IARWs are found to be applicable in the space [viz. D-region ($\rm H^+, O_2^-$) and F-region ($\rm H^+, H^-$) of the Earth's ionosphere] and laboratory MPPs [viz. fullerene ($\rm C^+, C^-$)].