A quasi-local Penrose inequality for the quasi-local energy with static references

Abstract

The positive mass theorem is one of the fundamental results in general relativity. It states that, assuming the dominant energy condition, the total mass of an asymptotically flat spacetime is non-negative. The Penrose inequality provides a lower bound on mass by the area of the black hole and is closely related to the cosmic censorship conjecture in general relativity. In [14], Lu and Miao proved a quasi-local Penrose inequality for the quasi-local energy with reference in the Schwarzschild manifold. In this article, we prove a quasi-local Penrose inequality for the quasi-local energy with reference in any spherically symmetric static spacetime.