Composition operators with surjective symbol and small approximation numbers

Abstract

We give a new proof of the existence of a surjective symbol whose associated composition operator on H 2 (D) is in all Schatten classes, with the improvement that its approximation numbers can be, in some sense, arbitrarily small. We show, as an application, that, contrary to the 1-dimensional case, for N $\ge$ 2, the behavior of the approximation numbers a n = a n (C $\Phi$), or rather of $\beta$ -- N = lim inf n$\rightarrow$$\infty$ [a n ] 1/n 1/N or $\beta$ + N = lim sup n$\rightarrow$$\infty$ [a n ] 1/n 1/N , of composition operators on H 2 (D N) cannot be determined by the image of the symbol. MSC 2010 Primary: 47B33 Secondary: 32A35 ; 46B28