Instability of a horizontal water half-cylinder under vertical vibration

Abstract

We present the results of an experimental investigation on parametrically driven waves in a water half-cylinder on a rigid horizontal plate, which is sinusoidally vibrated in the vertical direction. As the forcing amplitude is raised above a critical value, stationary waves are excited in the water half-cylinder. Parametrically excited subharmonic waves are non-axisymmetricand qualitatively different from the axisymmetric Savart-Plateau-Rayleigh waves in a vertical liquid cylinder or jet. Depending on the driving frequency, stationary waves of different azimuthal wave numbers are excited. A linear theory is also supplemented, which captures the observed dispersion relations quantitatively.