Additivity of entanglement of formation via entanglement-breaking space

Abstract

We study the entanglement-breaking (EB) space, such that the entanglement of formation (EOF) of a bipartite quantum state is additive when its range is an EB subspace. We systematically construct the EB spaces in the Hilbert space $\bbC^m\otimes\bbC^3$, and the $2$-dimensional EB space in $\bbC^2\otimes\bbC^n$. We characterize the expression of two-qubit states of rank two with nonadditive EOF, if they exist. We further apply our results to construct EB spaces of an arbitrarily given dimensions. We show that the example in [PRL 89,027901(2002)] is a special case of our results. We further work out the entanglement cost of a qubit-qutrit state in terms of the two-atom system of the .