Realization of digraphs in Abelian groups and its consequences

Abstract

Let $\overrightarrow{G}$ be a directed graph with no component of orderless than~$3$, and let $\Gamma$ be a finite Abelian group such that $|\Gamma|\geq 4|V(\overrightarrow{G})|$ or if $|V(\overrightarrow{G})|$ is large enough with respect to an arbitrarily fixed $\varepsilon>0$ then $|\Gamma|\geq (1+\varepsilon)|V(\overrightarrow{G})|$. We show that there exists an injective mapping $\varphi$ from $V(\overrightarrow{G})$ to the group $\Gamma$ such that $\sum_{x\in V(C)}\varphi(x) = 0$ for every connected component $C$ of $\overrightarrow{G}$, where $0$ is the identity element of $\Gamma$. Moreover we show some applications of this result to group distance magic labelings.