Group-theoretic remarks on Goldbach's conjecture

Abstract

The famous strongly binary Goldbach's conjecture asserts that every even number $2n \geq 8$ can always be expressible as the sum of two distinct odd prime numbers. We use a new approach to dealing with this conjecture. Specifically, we apply the element order prime graphs of alternating groups of degrees $2n$ and $2n-1$ to characterize this conjecture, and present its six group-theoretic versions; and further prove that this conjecture is true for $p+1$ and $p-1$ whenever $p \geq 11$ is a prime number.