Interference effect and Autler-Townes splitting in coherent blue light generated by four-wave mixing

Abstract

An unexpected interference effect between four-wave mixing excitation routes in rubidium vapor is observed using a combination of a cw diode laser and a 1 GHz femtosecond pulse train. The generated coherent blue light is analyzed by scanning the diode frequency and the repetition rate of the frequency comb. In both cases, the cw laser induces an Autler-Townes splitting and a large separation is observed in the doublet structure due to the configuration of copropagating fields. Remarkably, by scanning the repetition rate, a narrow peak appears as a signature of the interfering pathways. A non-perturbative treatment of the Bloch equations achieves good agreement with the experimental data, and demonstrates that the interfering effect appears only when both lasers are resonant with one- and two-photon transitions for the same atomic velocity group.