Antiferromagnetism, Superconductivity and Phase Diagram in the Two-Dimensional Hubbard Model -- Off-Diagonal Wave Function Monte Carlo Studies of Hubbard Model III --

Abstract

We investigate the ground-state phase diagram of the two-dimensional Hubbard model based on the optimization variational Monte Carlo method. We use a wave function that is an off-diagonal type given as $\psi=\exp(-\lambda K)P_G\psi_0$, where $\psi_0$ is a one-particle state, $P_G$ is the Gutzwiller operator, $K$ is the kinetic operator, and $\lambda$ is a variational parameter. The many-body effect plays an important role as an origin of spin correlation and superconductivity in correlated electron systems. We examine the competition between the antiferromagnetic state and superconducting state by varying the Coulomb repulsion $U$, the band parameter $t'$ and the electron density $n_e$. We show a phase diagram that includes superconducting and antiferromagnetic phases and that $t'=0$ is most favorable for superconductivity.