Sequential dispersive measurement of a superconducting qubit

Abstract

We present a superconducting device that realizes the sequential measurement of a transmon qubit. The device disables common limitations of dispersive readout such as Purcell effect or transients in the cavity mode by turning on and off the coupling to the measurement channel on demand. The qubit measurement begins by loading a readout resonator that is coupled to the qubit. After an optimal interaction time with negligible loss, a microwave pump releases the content of the readout mode by upconversion into a measurement line in a characteristic time as low as 10~ns, which is 400 times shorter than the lifetime of the readout resonator. A direct measurement of the released field quadratures demonstrates a readout fidelity of $97.5~\%$ in a total measurement time of $220~\mathrm{ns}$. The Wigner tomography of the readout mode allows us to characterize the non-Gaussian nature of the readout mode and its dynamics.