Convergence of p-adic pluricanonical measures to Lebesgue measures on skeleta in Berkovich spaces

Abstract

Let $K$ be a non-archimedean local field, $X$ a smooth and proper $K$-scheme, and fix a pluricanonical form on $X$. For every finite extension $K'$ of $K$, the pluricanonical form induces a measure on the $K'$-analytic manifold $X(K')$. We prove that, when $K'$ runs through all finite tame extensions of $K$, suitable normalizations of the pushforwards of these measures to the Berkovich analytification of $X$ converge to a Lebesgue-type measure on the temperate part of the Kontsevich--Soibelman skeleton, assuming the existence of a strict normal crossings model for $X$. We also prove a similar result for all finite extensions $K'$ under the assumption that $X$ has a log smooth model. This is a non-archimedean counterpart of analogous results for volume forms on degenerating complex Calabi--Yau manifolds by Boucksom and the first-named author. Along the way, we develop a general theory of Lebesgue measures on Berkovich skeleta over discretely valued fields.