Hybrid Nanofluids: An Overview of their Synthesis and Thermophysical properties

Abstract

A recent area of interest in thermal applications has been nanofluids, with extensive research conducted in the field, and numerous publications expounding on new results coming to the fore. The properties of such fluids depend on their components, and by the use of combined and complex nanoparticles with diverse characteristics, the desirable qualities of multiple nanoparticle suspensions can be obtained in a single mixture. The paper covers these hybrid nanofluids, the techniques for their synthesis, their properties, characteristics, and the areas of debate and outstanding questions.