Superheat conductivity and electric activity of superfluid systems

Abstract

In this article it is shown that in He\nobreakdash-II placed in a magnetic field $\mathbf{H}$, the heat flow under the influence of a temperature gradient $\nabla T$ causes appearance of an electric field $\mathbf{E}\sim\mathbf{H}\times\nabla T$. This effect occurs in superfluid dielectric systems due to their specific property named superheat conductivity. The magnitude of the electric field significantly depends on the shape of the helium sample and the magnetic field direction relative to the sample. The effect exists both at static and non-stationary temperature gradient (e. g. during propagation of second sound).