Very fast, very functorial, and very easy resolution of singularities

Abstract

The main theorem, I.a, is the existence for excellent Deligne-Mumford champ of characteristic zero of a resolution functor independent of the resolution process itself. Perceived wisdom was that this was impossible, but the counterexamples overlooked the possibility of using weighted blow ups. The fundamental local calculations take place in complete local rings, and are elementary in nature, while being self contained and wholly independent of Hironaka's methods and all derivatives thereof, i.e. existing technology. Nevertheless Abramovich, Temkin, and Wlodarczyk, [ATW], have varied existing technology to obtain an even shorter proof of principalisation, I.f, in the geometric case. Excellent patching is more technical than varieties over a field, and whence easier geometric arguments are pointed out when they exist.