Folding pathways to crumpling in thermalized elastic frames

Abstract

The mechanical properties of thermally excited two-dimensional crystalline membranes can depend dramatically on their geometry and topology. A particularly relevant example is the effect on the crumpling transition of holes in the membrane. Here we use molecular dynamics simulations to study the case of elastic frames (sheets with a single large hole in the center) and find that the system approaches the crumpled phase through a sequence of origami-like folds at decreasing length scales when temperature is increased. We use normal-normal correlation functions to quantify the temperature-dependent number of folds.