Global bifurcation of waves with multiple critical layers

Abstract

Analytic global bifurcation theory is used to construct a large variety of families of steady periodic two-dimensional gravity water waves with real-analytic vorticity distributions, propagating in an incompressible fluid. The waves that are constructed can possess an arbitrary number of interior stagnation points in the fluid, and corresponding critical layers consisting of closed streamlines. This is made possible by the use of the so-called naive flattening transform, which has previously only been used for local bifurcation.