Mukai models and Borcherds products

Abstract

Let F_{g,n} be the moduli space of n-pointed K3 surfaces of genus g with at worst rational double points. We establish an isomorphism between the ring of pluricanonical forms on F_{g,n} and the ring of certain orthogonal modular forms, and give applications to the birational type of F_{g,n}. We prove that the Kodaira dimension of F_{g,n} stabilizes to 19 when n is sufficiently large. Then we use explicit Borcherds products to find a lower bound of n where F_{g,n} has nonnegative Kodaira dimension, and compare this with an upper bound where F_{g,n} is unirational or uniruled using Mukai models of K3 surfaces in g<21. This reveals the exact transition point of Kodaira dimension in some g.