Beyond the maximum drag reduction asymptote: the pseudo-laminar state

Abstract

Recent experiments indicated that polymers can reduce the turbulent drag beyond the asymptotic limit known as the MDR, leading to a laminar flow. In this Letter, we show through direct numerical simulations that, when the MDR is exceeded, the flow can remain in a laminar-like regime for a very long period without being truly laminar. During this period called pseudo-laminar state, a transient behavior is observed as a consequence of a small rate of polymer energy injected into the flow. Later on, flow instabilities develop across the channel, finally triggering elastoinertial turbulence.