The common attribute shared by defects, surfaces, and nanostructures: the BOLS-NEP notion

Abstract

Atomic undercoordination fascinates defects, surfaces, and nanostructures in electronic binding energy, lattice oscillation frequency, elasticity and plasticity (IHPR), thermal stability, photon emisibility, reactivity, dielectrics, super-hydrophobicity, spin-resolved topological edge and monolayer high-TC superconductivity, etc., through local bond contraction, quantum entrapment and polarization.