Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions using polarized helium
Abstract
We investigate the sensitivities of searches for exotic spin-dependent interactions between the polarized nuclear spins of 3He and the particles of unpolarized or polarized solid-state masses using the frequency method and the resonance method. In the frequency method, the spin-dependent interactions act as an effective static magnetic field, causing the frequency shift to the spin precession of 3He. In the resonance method, proposed by Arvanitaki and Geraci [Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 161801 (2014)] for the significant improvement of the experimental sensitivities on the spin-dependent interactions, the mass movement is modulated at the Larmor frequency of 3He. This results in the modulating spin-dependent interactions inducing an effective oscillatory magnetic field, which can tilt the 3He spins, similarly as an oscillatory magnetic field in nuclear magnetic resonance. We estimate the sensitivities of the searches using a room-temperature 3He target for its extremely long relaxation time. New limits on the coupling strengths of the spin-dependent interactions can be set in the interaction length range below 10-1 m.