Solving degenerate 2D frustration-free spin systems in sub-exponential time

Abstract

We give an improved analysis of approximate ground space projectors (AGSPs) to obtain a sharp error reduction bound in the setting a degenerate ground space. The improved tools imply that the recently proven 2D area law directly extends to sub-exponentially degenerate ground spaces and also yields a sub-exponential-time classical algorithm to compute the ground states. This time complexity cannot be improved beyond sub-exponential, even for the special case of classical unfrustrated systems in 2D.