Two symmetric four-wave mixing signals generated in a medium with anomalous refractive index

Abstract

We report experimental and theoretical results of two symmetrical signals of degenerate four-wave mixing generated in rubidium vapor. Both nonlinear signals are induced by two almost copropagating laser beams, with $\vec{k}_{a}$ and $\vec{k}_{b}$ wave-vectors, and detected simultaneously in the $2\vec{k}_{a}-\vec{k}_{b}$ and $2\vec{k}_{b}-\vec{k}_{a}$ directions. In each direction, we observe a single peak when the two beams are tuned on the closed transition $^{85}$Rb$~5S_{1/2} (F=3) \rightarrow 5P_{3/2} (F=4)$. The excitation spectra reveal a small frequency separation between the two peaks, which is explained when propagation effects are taken into account. Furthermore, our theoretical analysis shows that a correct description of the frequency position of each peak is obtained only if coherent effects such as electromagnetically induced absorption are included.