Solar Neutrino Scattering with Electron into Massive Sterile Neutrino

Abstract

The recent Xenon1T excess can be explained by solar neutrino scattering with electron via a light mediator, either scalar or vector, in addition to many other explanations from the dark sector. Since only the recoil electron is observable, a keV sterile neutrino instead of an active neutrino can appear in the final state. The sterile neutrino allows pseudoscalar mediator to explain the Xenon1T excess which was thought impossible. In addition, nonzero recoil energy lower bound arises from the sterile neutrino mass, which can be used to testify if the sterile neutrino is massive or not. We also briefly discuss the case of a sterile neutrino final state with light $Z'$ mediator.