The Effective Action of Superrotation Modes

Abstract

Starting from an analysis of four-dimensional asymptotically flat gravity in first order formulation, we show that superrotation reparametrization modes are governed by an Alekseev--Shatashvili action on the celestial sphere. This two-dimensional conformal theory describes spontaneous symmetry breaking of Virasoro superrotations together with the explicit symmetry breaking of more general Diff$(\mathcal{S}^2)$ superrotations. We arrive at this result by first reformulating the asymptotic field equations and symmetries of the radiative vacuum sector in terms of a Chern--Simons theory at null infinity, and subsequently performing a Hamiltonian reduction of this theory onto the celestial sphere.