Base Polynomials for Schultz Invariants of Linear Phenylenes

Abstract

Let $L_{n}$ be the molecular graph of linear $[n]$phenylene, and $L'_{n}$ the graph obtained by attaching 4-membered cycles to terminal hexagons of $L_{n-1}$. Thus, $L'_{n}$ is the molecular graph of the $\alpha,\omega$ - dicyclobutadieno derivative of $[n-1]$phenylene, containing $n-1$ hexagons and $n$ squares. In this paper we give polynomials which serve as bases for Schultz invariants. Actually, we represent lengths of paths among vertices of degrees 2-2, 2-3, and 3-3 of $L_{n}$ and $L'_{n}$ in terms of polynomials, which are used to find Schultz polynomial, modified Schultz polynomial, Schultz index, and modified Schultz index.