Relativistic effects in orbital motion of the S-stars at the Galactic Center

Abstract

The Galactic Center star cluster, known as S-stars, is a perfect source of relativistic phenomena observations. The stars are located in the strong field of relativistic compact object Sgr A* and are moving with very high velocities at pericenters of their orbits. In this work we consider motion of several S-stars by using the Parameterized Post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism of General Relativity (GR) and Post-Newtonian (PN) equations of motion of the Feynman's quantum-field gravity theory, where the positive energy density of the gravity field can be measured via the relativistic pericenter shift. The PPN parameters $\beta$ and $\gamma$ are constrained using the S-stars data. The positive value of the $T_g^{00}$ component of the gravity energy-momentum tensor is confirmed for condition of S-stars motion.