Storing short single-photon-level optical pulses in Bose-Einstein condensates for high-performance quantum memory

Abstract

Large-scale quantum networks require quantum memories featuring long-lived storage of non-classical light together with efficient, high-speed and reliable operation. The concurrent realization of these features is challenging due to inherent limitations of matter platforms and light-matter interaction protocols. Here, we propose an approach to overcome this obstacle, based on the implementation of the Autler-Townes-splitting (ATS) quantum-memory protocol on a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) platform. We demonstrate a proof-of-principle of this approach by storing short pulses of single-photon-level light as a collective spin-excitation in a rubidium BEC. For 20 ns long-pulses, we achieve an ultra-low-noise memory with an efficiency of 30% and lifetime of 15 $\mu$s. The non-adiabatic character of the ATS protocol (leading to high-speed and low-noise operation) in combination with the intrinsically large atomic densities and ultra-low temperatures of the BEC platform (offering highly efficient and long-lived storage) opens up a new avenue towards high-performance quantum memories.