Gluon fragmentation into ${^{3}\hspace{-0.6mm}P_{J}^{[1,8]}}$ quark pair and test of NRQCD factorization at two-loop level

Abstract

The next-to-leading order (NLO) ($\mathcal{O}(\alpha_s^3)$) corrections for gluon fragmentation functions to a heavy quark-antiquark pair in ${^{3}\hspace{-0.6mm}P_{J}^{[1,8]}}$ states are calculated within the NRQCD factorization. We use integration-by-parts reduction and differential equations to semi-analytically calculate fragmentation functions in full-QCD, and find that infrared divergences can be absorbed by the NRQCD long distance matrix elements. Thus, the NRQCD factorization conjecture is verified at two-loop level via a physical process, which is free of artificial ultraviolet divergences. Through matching procedure, infrared-safe short distance coefficients and $\mathcal{O}(\alpha_s^2)$ perturbative NRQCD matrix elements $\langle{\mathcal O}^{{^{3}\hspace{-0.6mm}P_{J}^{[1,8]}}}({^{3}\hspace{-0.6mm}S_{1}^{[8]}})\rangle_{\mathrm{NLO}}$ are obtained simultaneously. The NLO short distance coefficients are found to have significant corrections comparing with the LO ones.