Topological $s$-wave superconductors driven by electron correlation

Abstract

It is interesting to ask whether electron interaction can turn a topologically trivial superconductor into a nontrivial one without the presence of spin-obital coupling. In this paper we solve a correlated $s$-wave superconducting model exactly. The variation of the fermion number parity of the superconducting ground state as a function of the electron interaction is calculated and the topological phase diagram is obtained. Topological $s$-wave superconducting states are revealed in the doped Mott insulators, which is further confirmed by the numerical investigation of the topological boundary zero mode.