The nature of charged charmonium-like states $Z_c(3900)$ and its strange partner $Z_{cs}(3982)$

Abstract

The observation of $Z_{cs}(3985)$ by BESIII in the $D_s^{*-}D^0$ and $D_s^{-}D^{*0}$ channel adds important dynamic information for a coherent understanding of both $Z_c(3900)$ and $Z_c(4020)$, as well as their strange partners $Z_{cs}(3985)$ and $Z_{cs}(4120)$, on the basis of heavy quark spin symmetry. With an overall short-ranged contact potential in SU(3) flavor symmetry we show that the pole structures can be extracted from the experimental data. Meanwhile, we show the key role played by the $S$-wave open thresholds in $e^+e^-$ annihilations which are correlated with the production of these $Z$ states in a hadronic molecule picture. Implications of their scalar heavy quark spin partners $W_{c0,1,2}$ and $W_{cs0,1,2}$ are also gained.