A combinatorial Schur expansion of triangle-free horizontal-strip LLT polynomials

Abstract

In recent years, Alexandersson and others proved combinatorial formulas for the Schur function expansion of the horizontal-strip LLT polynomial $G_\lambda(x;q)$ in some special cases. We associate a weighted graph $\Pi$ to $\lambda$ and we use it to express a linear relation among LLT polynomials. We apply this relation to prove an explicit combinatorial Schur-positive expansion of $G_\lambda(x;q)$ whenever $\Pi$ is triangle-free. We also prove that the largest power of $q$ in the LLT polynomial is the total edge weight of our graph.