Comparison of differential elastic cross sections in $pp$ and $p\bar{p}$ collisions as evidence of the existence of the colourless $C$-odd three-gluon state

Abstract

We analyze the differences between the $pp$ and $p\bar{p}$ differentia l elastic cross section measurements by the D0 and TOTEM Collaborations at the Tevatron, Fermilab, and the LHC, CERN that lead to a significance larger than 3$\sigma$ of the existence of the colourless $C$-odd three-gluon state, the odderon.