Note on a conjecture of Bateman and Diamond concerning the abstract PNT with Malliavin-type remainder

Abstract

Given $\beta\in(0,1)$, we show the existence of a Beurling generalized number system whose integer counting satisfies $N(x) = ax + O\bigl(x\exp(-c\log^{\beta} x)\bigr)$ for some $a>0$ and $c>0$, and whose prime counting function satisfies $\pi(x) = \mathrm{Li}(x) + \Omega\bigl(x\exp(-c'(\log x)^{\frac{\beta}{\beta+1}})\bigr)$ for some $c'>0$. This is done by generalizing a construction of Diamond, Montgomery, and Vorhauer. This Beurling system serves as additional motivation for a conjecture of Bateman and Diamond from 1969, concerning the PNT with Malliavin-type remainder.