Magnetizations and de Haas-van Alphen oscillations in massive Dirac fermions

Abstract

We theoretically study magnetic field, temperature, and energy band-gap dependences of magnetizations in the Dirac fermions. We use the zeta function regularization to obtain analytical expressions of thermodynamic potential, from which the magnetization of graphene for strong field/low temperature and weak field/high temperature limits are calculated. Further, we generalize the result by considering the effects of impurity on orbital susceptibility of graphene. In particular, we show that in the presence of impurity, the susceptibility follows a scaling law which can be approximated by the Faddeeva function. In the case of the massive Dirac fermions, we show that a large band-gap gives a robust magnetization with respect to temperature and impurity. In the doped Dirac fermion, we discuss the dependence of the band-gap on the period and amplitude of the de Haas-van Alphen effect.