The irreducible weak modules for the fixed point subalgebra of the vertex algebra associated to a non-degenerate even lattice by an automorphism of order $2$ (Part $1$)

Abstract

Let $V_{L}$ be the vertex algebra associated to a non-degenerate even lattice $L$, $\theta$ the automorphism of $V_{L}$ induced from the $-1$-isometry of $L$, and $V_{L}^{+}$ the fixed point subalgebra of $V_{L}$ under the action of $\theta$. In this series of papers, we classify the irreducible weak $V_{L}^{+}$-modules and show that any irreducible weak $V_{L}^{+}$-module is isomorphic to a weak submodule of some irreducible weak $V_{L}$-module or to a submodule of some irreducible $\theta$-twisted $V_{L}$-module. In this paper (Part 1), we show that when the rank of $L$ is $1$, every non-zero weak $V_{L}^{+}$-module contains a non-zero $M(1)^{+}$-module, where $M(1)^{+}$ is the fixed point subalgebra of the Heisenberg vertex operator algebra $M(1)$ under the action of $\theta$.