Quantum thermodynamics of coronal heating

Abstract

Using the quantum Markovian master equation, we show that convection in the stellar photosphere generates plasma waves by an irreversible process akin to Zeldovich superradiance and sonic booms. In the Sun, this mechanism is most efficient in quiet regions with small magnetic fields. Energy is mostly carried by megahertz Alfven waves that scatter elastically until they reach a height at which they can dissipate via mode conversion. This gives the right power flux for coronal heating and may account for chromospheric evaporation leading to impulsive heat transport in the corona.