Coarse-grained self-testing

Abstract

Self-testing is a device-independent method that usually amounts to show that the maximal quantum violation of a Bell's inequality certifies a unique quantum state, up to some symmetries inherent to the device-independent framework. In this work, we enlarge this approach and show how a coarse-grained version of self-testing is possible in which physically relevant properties of a many-body system are certified. For that we study a Bell scenario consisting of an arbitrary number of parties and show that the membership to a set of (entangled) quantum states whose size grows exponentially with the number of particles can be self-tested. Specifically, we prove that a many-body generalization of the chained Bell inequality is maximally violated if and only if the underlying quantum state is equal, up to local isometries, to a many-body singlet. The maximal violation of the inequality therefore certifies any statistical mixture of the exponentially-many orthogonal pures states spanning the singlet manifold.