First ESR Detection of Higgs Amplitude Mode and Analysis with Extended Spin-Wave Theory in Dimer System KCuCl$_3$

Abstract

KCuCl$_3$ is known to show a quantum phase transition from the disordered to antiferromagnetically ordered phases by applying pressure. There is a longitudinal excitation mode (Higgs amplitude mode) in the vicinity of the quantum critical point in the ordered phase. To detect the Higgs amplitude mode, high-pressure ESR measurements are performed in KCuCl$_3$. The experimental data are analyzed by the extended spin-wave theory on the basis of the vector spin chirality. We report the first ESR detection of the Higgs amplitude mode and the important role of the electric dipole described by the vector spin chirality.