Sausages and Butcher Paper

Abstract

For each $d>1$ the shift locus of degree $d$, denoted ${\mathcal S}_d$, is the space of normalized degree $d$ polynomials in one complex variable for which every critical point is in the attracting basin of infinity under iteration. It is a complex analytic manifold of complex dimension $d-1$. We are able to give an explicit description of ${\mathcal S}_d$ as a complex of spaces over a contractible $\tilde{A}_{d-2}$ building, and to describe the pieces in two quite different ways: 1. (combinatorial): in terms of dynamical extended laminations; or 2. (algebraic): in terms of certain explicit `discriminant-like' affine algebraic varieties. From this structure one may deduce numerous facts, including that ${\mathcal S}_d$ has the homotopy type of a CW complex of real dimension $d-1$; and that ${\mathcal S}_3$ and ${\mathcal S}_4$ are $K(\pi,1)$s. The method of proof is rather interesting in its own right. In fact, along the way we discover a new class of complex surfaces (they are complements of certain singular curves in ${\mathbb C}^2$) which are homotopic to locally CAT$(0)$ complexes; in particular they are $K(\pi,1)$s.