Constraining Axion-to-Nucleon interaction via ultranarrow linewidth in the Casimir-less regime

Abstract

In this paper we develop a quantum optical method to detect the axion-nucleon interaction. We ultilize a levitated optomechanical system consisting of a silica nanosphere and an optical cavity here. We translate the trapping positions of the nanosphere, resulting the shift of its resonance frequency, which can be determined from measuring the resulting resonance shift in the transmission spectrum. Furthermore, The frequency shift can be related to the additional forces due to two-axion exchange via substraction. Based on noise ananlysis, estimation and calculation, we set the stringent prospective constraints for the coupling constants of axion-neucleon interaction $g_{an}$ and $g_{ap}$. In the case of $g_{an}^2 = g_{ap}^2$ , our constraints are most stringent at an ultrawide axion mass range approximately from $10^{-4}\mu eV$ to $10$ $eV$ .