First direct lattice calculation of the chiral perturbation theory low-energy constant $\ell_7$

Abstract

We evaluate by means of lattice QCD calculations the low-energy constant $\ell_{7}$ which parametrizes strong isospin effects at NLO in $\rm{SU}(2)$ chiral perturbation theory. Among all low-energy constants at NLO, $\ell_{7}$ is the one known less precisely, and its uncertainty is currently larger than $50\%$. Our strategy is based on the RM123 approach in which the lattice path-integral is expanded in powers of the isospin breaking parameter $\Delta m= (m_{d}-m_{u})/2$. In order to evaluate the relevant lattice correlators we make use of the recently proposed rotated twisted-mass (RTM) scheme. Within the RM123 approach, it is possible to cleanly extract the value of $\ell_{7}$ from either the pion mass splitting $M_{\pi^{+}}-M_{\pi^{0}}$ induced by strong isospin breaking at order $\mathcal{O}\left((\Delta m)^{2}\right)$ (mass method), or from the coupling of the neutral pion $\pi^{0}$ to the isoscalar operator $\left(\bar{u}\gamma_{5}u + \bar{d}\gamma_{5} d\right)/\sqrt{2}$ at order $\mathcal{O}(\Delta m)$ (matrix element method). In this pilot study we limit the analysis to a single ensemble generated by the Extended Twisted Mass Collaboration (ETMC) with $N_{f}=2+1+1$ dynamical quark flavours, which corresponds to a lattice spacing $a\simeq 0.095~{\rm fm}$ and to a pion mass $M_{\pi}\simeq 260~{\rm MeV}$. We find that the matrix element method outperforms the mass method in terms of resulting statistical accuracy. Our determination, $\ell_{7} = 2.5(1.4)\times 10^{-3}$, is in agreement and improves previous calculations.