Non-group gradings on simple Lie algebras
Abstract
A set grading on the split simple Lie algebra of type D13, that cannot be realized as a group-grading, is constructed by splitting the set of positive roots into a disjoint union of pairs of orthogonal roots, following a pattern provided by the lines of the projective plane over GF(3). This answers in the negative Question 1.11 in Elduque-Kochetov monograph (2013). Similar non-group gradings are obtained for types Dn with n congruent to 1 modulo 12, by substituting the lines in the projective plane by blocks of suitable Steiner systems.
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