Fibonacci colored compositions and applications

Abstract

We study compositions whose parts are colored by subsequences of the Fibonacci numbers. We give explicit bijections between Fibonacci colored compositions and several combinatorial objects, including certain restricted ternary and quaternary words, spanning trees in the ladder graph, unimodal sequences covering an initial interval, and ordered-consecutive partition sequences. Our approach relies on the basic idea of representing the colored compositions as tilings of an $n$-board whose tiles are connected, and sometimes decorated, according to a suitable combinatorial interpretation of the given coloring sequence.