Hyperon dynamics and production of multi-strangeness hypernuclei in heavy-ion collisions at 3A GeV

Abstract

Within the microscopic transport, systematic investigation of the many facets of hyperons and hypernuclei up to strangeness $S = -2$ are carried out for $^{197}$Au + $^{197}$Au and $^{40}$Ca + $^{40}$Ca at the incident energy of $3A$ GeV. The spatial, temporal and density distributions of hyperon production, absorption and freeze-out are thoroughly investigated. The rapidity and kinetic energy spectra of $\Xi$ hyperons and double $\Lambda$ hypernuclei are analyzed. It is revealed that the chemical balance of hyperon production is established in baryon-baryon channels while the opposite is found in baryon-meson channels. It turns out that the rapidity spectra of $^{4,5}_{\Lambda\Lambda}$X are single-peak and more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of $^{3}_{\Lambda}$H. Formation of double $\Lambda$ hypernuclei through $\Xi$ hypernuclei as intermediate states is also discussed in kinematics.