An information-theoretic upper bound on prime gaps

Abstract

Within the setting of rare event modelling, the method of level sets allows us to define an equivalence relation over rare events with distinct rates of entropy production. This method allows us to clarify the relation between the empirical density of primes and their source distribution which then allows us to address Cram\'er's conjecture, an open problem in probabilistic number theory. As a natural consequence, this analysis places strong epistemic limits on the application of machine learning to analyse the distribution of primes.