Universal fine grained asymptotics of free and weakly coupled Quantum Field Theory

Abstract

We give a rigorous proof that in any free quantum field theory with a finite group global symmetry $\mathrm{G}$, on a compact spatial manifold, at sufficiently high energy, the density of states $\rho_\alpha(E)$ for each irreducible representation $\alpha$ of $\mathrm{G}$ obeys a universal formula as conjectured by Harlow and Ooguri. We further prove that this continues to hold in a weakly coupled quantum field theory, given an appropriate scaling of the coupling with temperature. This generalizes similar results that were previously obtained in $(1+1)$-D to higher spacetime dimension. We discuss the role of averaging in the density of states, and we compare and contrast with the case of continuous group $\mathrm{G}$, where we prove a universal, albeit different, behavior.