Analysis and visualization of traceless symmetric tensors. Application to the Hencky strain tensor for large strain tension-torsion

Abstract

Cyclic multiaxial loadings of soft materials are usually studied throughout experiments involving machines that prescribe a combination of uniaxial tension and torsion. Due to the large strain framework, classical kinematic analyses of strain in uniaxial tension-torsion are usually very complex. Based on this observation, the present papers proposes a method to both analyze and visualize a strain measure during a duty cycle of uniaxial tension-torsion in large strain: based on the mathematical properties of the Hencky strain tensor $\mathbf{h}$, the method consists in projecting $\mathbf{h}$ onto a well-chosen tensorial basis, whose constituting elements are described in terms of physical meaning. Thanks to this decomposition, the history of $\mathbf{h}$ reduces to the time evolution of a 3-components vector $\alpha(t)$. This vector history can then be visualized as a path in the 3D space, rendering very visual the complex kinematic phenomenon. As a second result, an original definition of the mean and the amplitude of a strain path, based on the theory of the Minimum Circumscribed Spheres, is proposed. This definition could be useful for fatigue studies, for instance.