On the $p$-adic theory of local models

Abstract

We prove the Scholze--Weinstein conjecture on the existence and uniqueness of local models for local Shimura varieties, as well as the test function conjecture of Haines--Kottwitz in this framework. To this end, we establish a specialization principle for well-behaved $p$-adic kimberlites, show that these include the v-sheaf local models, determine their special fibers using hyperbolic localization for the \'etale cohomology of small v-stacks, and analyze the resulting specialization morphism using convolution.