Algebraic structures among virtual singular braids

Abstract

We show that the virtual singular braid monoid on $n$ strands embeds in a group $VSG_n$, which we call the virtual singular braid group on $n$ strands. The group $VSG_n$ contains a normal subgroup $VSPG_n$ of virtual singular pure braids. We show that $VSG_n$ is a semi-direct product of $VSPG_n$ and the symmetric group $S_n$. We provide a presentation for $VSPG_n$ via generators and relations. We also represent $VSPG_n$ as a semi-direct product of $n-1$ subgroups and study the structures of these subgroups. These results yield a normal form of words in the virtual singular braid group.