New Constraints on the Composition and Initial Speed of CNEOS 2014-01-08

Abstract

We study the newly released light curve from the fireball of the first interstellar meteor CNEOS 2014-01-08. The measured velocity and three observed flares down to an altitude of $18.7 \mathrm{\; km}$ imply ambient ram pressure in the range of $113-194$ MPa when the meteor disintegrated. The required yield strength is $\gtrsim 20$ times higher than stony meteorites and $\gtrsim 2$ times larger than iron meteorites. The implied slowdown in the atmosphere suggests an initial speed of about $66.5 \; {\rm km~s^{-1}}$, strengthening the case for an interstellar origin of this meteor and making it an outlier relative to the velocity dispersion of local stars.